Canada is also bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Canada also shares maritime borders with the island of Greenland in the northeast and the French island regions of Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the southeast. It lies some 250 miles (400 km) northeast of Toronto and 125 miles (200 km) west of Montreal, respectively Canada’s first and second cities in terms of population and economic, cultural, and educational importance. The third largest city is Vancouver, a centre for trade with the Pacific Rim countries and the principal western gateway to Canada’s developing interior.
French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1603 and established the first permanent European settlements at Port Royal in 1605 and Quebec City in 1608. Manitoba has a moderately dry climate with sharp seasonal temperature changes. Its land covers 3.8 million square miles (9.9 million square kilometers). Canada is a diverse, progressive, peaceful and welcoming nation known for its pristine wilderness and stunning natural beauty. It’s vast and varied — a place for both bucket list adventure and sophisticated culture, Canada’s lively, multicultural cities contrast with the untouched wilderness at the edge of its urban centers.
Government of Canada
The central and northern regions have longer, colder winters and shorter cooler summers. CAM4 is the ultimate go-to cam site where you can access live cam shows, featuring girls and naked women on cam from all over the world, and the best part it’s free. We want you to get free access to hot live nude girls on cam without getting held back by pay-walls. Enjoy the freshest live sex cam, and get instant access to hours of live sexchat flirting and jerking off with a hot brunette or blonde. We encourage you to explore, get outside your comfort zone, try something new like the free sex chat and discover a new sexual desire.
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- Canada’s four major political parties are the Conservative Party of Canada, the Liberal Party of Canada, the New Democratic Party (NDP), and the Bloc Québécois.
- Recognized as a middle power, Canada’s support for multilateralism and internationalism has been closely related to its foreign policies of peacekeeping and aid for developing countries.
- The above blank map represents Canada, the largest country in North America.
- It has also been influenced by American culture because of its proximity and migration between the two countries.
- The Durham Report (1839) would subsequently recommend responsible government and the assimilation of French Canadians into British culture.13 The Act of Union (1840) merged The Canadian Provinces into the United Province of Canada.
Today Canada closely resembles the US in its market-oriented economic system, pattern of production, and high living standards. Canada’s judiciary plays an important role in interpreting laws and has the power to strike down laws that violate the Constitution. The Supreme Court of Canada is the highest court and final arbiter and is led by the Right Honourable Madam Chief Justice Beverley McLachlin, P.C. Its nine members are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister. All judges at the superior and appellate levels are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the prime minister and minister of justice, after consultation with non-governmental legal bodies.
Canada’s population is 36 million, concentrated along the U.S.-Canada border. It is a sparsely populated country with just 10 people per square mile (four people per square kilometer). The world’s second-largest country by surface but relatively small in terms of population, Canada punches above its weight in economic terms.
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- Canada’s constitution consists of written text and unwritten traditions and conventions.
- Canada is bordered by non-contiguous US state of Alaska in the northwest and by 12 other US states in the south.
- In western Canada, the Mackenzie River flows from the Great Slave Lake to the Arctic Ocean.
- During the Cold War, Canada was a major contributor to UN forces in the Korean War, and founded the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) in cooperation with the United States to defend against aerial attacks from the Soviet Union.
French President Charles de Gaulle visits and causes diplomatic incident when he declares “Vive le Quebec libre” – Long live free Quebec. 1776 onwards – Loyalist refugees from the American War of Independence settle in Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Quebec and Ontario. Company of New France established to govern and exploit “New France” – France’s North American colonies.
Canada’s six largest metropolitan areas – Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Ottawa, Calgary, and Edmonton – have franchises in the National Hockey League (NHL), and there are more Canadian players in the league than from all other countries combined. After hockey, other popular spectator sports include curling and football; the latter is played professionally in the Canadian Football League (CFL). Golf, baseball, skiing, soccer, volleyball, and basketball are widely played at youth and amateur levels, but professional leagues and franchises are not as widespread. There are 600 recognized First Nations governments or bands encompassing over 1 million people.
Canada’s response to the situation in the Middle East
Canada automatically entered the First World War in 1914 with Britain’s declaration of war, sending volunteers to the Western Front. The Conscription Crisis of 1917 erupted when conservative Prime Minister Robert Borden brought in compulsory military service over the objection of the French-speaking people of Quebec. In 1919, Canada joined the League of Nations independently of Britain; in 1931 the Statute of Westminster affirmed Canada’s independence. Canada is a youthful country and immigrants make up 21% of its population, meaning one in five is foreign born.
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However, the Prime Minister chooses the Cabinet, and by convention, the Governor General respects the Prime Minister’s choices. Cabinet ministers are traditionally drawn from elected members of the Prime Minister’s party in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister exercises vast political power, especially in the appointment of government officials and civil servants.
South of the Gulf, the Canadian Maritimes protrude eastward along the Appalachian Mountain range from northern New England and the Gaspé Peninsula of Quebec. New Brunswick and Nova Scotia are divided by the Bay of Fundy, which experiences the world’s largest tidal variations. West of Ontario, the broad, flat Canadian Prairies spread toward the Rocky Mountains, which separate them from British Columbia.
It experiences a humid continental climate with hot summers and very cold winters. Prince Edward Island has a moderate climate that is strongly influenced by the surrounding seas with warm summers and cold winters. The mainland portion of the Northwest Territories has a subarctic climate, with short, cool summers and long, cold winters – perfect for aurora viewing. Newfoundland and Labrador has a wide range of climates and weather, but broadly it has warm, humid summers and cold winters. New Brunswick has a typical continental climate with warm summers and cold winters, with slightly milder winters on the Gulf of St. Lawrence coastline. Alberta enjoys a humid continental climate with warm summers and cold winters.
Social democratic programs such as Universal Health Care, the Canada Pension Plan, and Canada Student Loans were initiated in the 1960s and consolidated in the 1970s; provincial governments, particularly Quebec, fought these as incursions into their jurisdictions. Finally, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau pushed through cryptocurrency broker canada the patriation of the constitution from Britain, enshrining a Charter of Rights and Freedoms based on individual rights in the Constitution Act of 1982. The Royal Proclamation (1763) carved the Province of Quebec out of New France and annexed Cape Breton Island to Nova Scotia.